Percentage problems. Directly and inversely proportional magnitudes

Area : Math. Type : Individual. Level : First Cycle of ESO

• A citizen receives a 19% monthly deduction in personal income tax. If you earn €24,000 a year, how much has been withheld from your tax bill? If it turns out that you have been refunded €1,200 when you settled the tax, what was the average percentage you paid for the tax?

• A citizen pays a total of €427 in VAT on three products. The first, a laptop, cost him €1,200 and he paid 21% VAT on it. For the second, a medication for your cat, you paid 10% VAT and its price is €700. How much did the third one, a display case, cost if the last product's rate is 21%?

• Let's apply a supposed direct proportionality in the personal income tax: If a taxpayer with a tax base of €16,000 pays €2,288 in personal income tax, how much would someone pay whose tax base was exactly double that? And the one with a base three times larger? Does that seem fair to you? What does it mean that personal income tax is progressive?

• Find the type sections used in the Personal Income Tax (you can consult pe the Practical Manual of Personal Income Tax 2023