Effective rates

The average effective rate on income and expenditure is estimated to have grown by 2.4% in 2024, to 15.5% (Charts 1.18 and 1.19 and Table 1.3 ). This is a provisional estimate, pending the release of the amounts of the annual declarations of the PIT and Corporate Income Tax, information that will be available, for the most part, between June and July 2025. The rise in rates comes mainly from the increase in rates associated with income from work (a consequence of the increase in average income) and the recovery of rates in the VAT on electricity, gas and food and on the Special Tax on Electricity.