Sweden
Tax residents in Spain with income from Sweden
(The content of this document is for informational purposes only and has been prepared for educational purposes only. For further information, please consult the Personal Income Tax Act and the Spanish-Swedish Agreement to avoid double taxation.
I.- Tax residence
A natural person is resident in Spanish territory when any of the following circumstances occur:
-
They have stayed longer than 183 days in Spanish territory over the calendar year.
To determine this period of stay, sporadic absences will be taken into account unless the taxpayer proves his tax residence in another country (through a tax residence certificate issued by the tax authorities of that other country). In the case of countries or territories labelled as tax havens, the Tax Administration can demand proof of stay in that tax haven over a period of 183 days within the calendar year.
-
They situate the main base or centre of their activities or economic activities, directly or indirectly, in Spain.
-
They have dependent not legally separated spouse and/or underage children who are usually resident in Spain. This latter situation accepts evidence to the contrary.
II.- Personal Income Tax
If a natural person, in accordance with the above, turns out to be tax resident in Spain , he/she will be a taxpayer for the Personal Income Tax (IRPF) and must pay taxes in Spain on his/her worldwide income , that is, he/she must declare in Spain the income he/she obtains anywhere in the world, without prejudice to the provisions of the Agreement to avoid international double taxation signed between Spain and the country of origin of the income.
The agreements list certain types of income and, with respect to each of them, establish the tax powers that correspond to each signatory State:
-
In some cases, exclusive power for the taxpayer's country of residence,
-
In others, exclusive power for the country of origin of the income and,
-
Finally, in some cases, shared power between both countries, with both being able to tax the same income, but with the obligation for the taxpayer's country of residence to take measures to avoid double taxation. However, the Spanish-Swedish CDI provides, in certain cases relating to pensions and earnings, that it is up to the source country to take measures to avoid double taxation .
The personal income tax period is the calendar year. A person will be a resident or non-resident throughout the calendar year since a change of residence does not imply an interruption of the tax period.
The income tax return of individuals who are tax residents in Spain is submitted in the months of April, May and June of the year following the year of accrual. The Personal Income Tax regulations set limits and conditions that determine the obligation to file a tax return, which must be consulted each year. Exempt income is not taken into account when determining the obligation to file a tax return.
Example: Taxpayer, tax resident in Spain, whose only income in 2019 is a pension from Sweden, caused by having worked in a company in that country (Spain has the power to tax). The treatment in the Convention is explained below). If the pension exceeds the amount of 14,000 euros per year, taking into account the limits and conditions of the obligation to declare for the 2019 financial year, you would be obliged to file a personal income tax return for 2019, since the payer of the Swedish pension is not obliged to make withholdings on account of Spanish personal income tax.
Spanish-Swedish agreement
(The text of the Agreement can be consulted at https://sede.agenciatributaria.gob.es in the following path: Home > Regulations and interpretative criteria > International taxation)
In a simplified manner, taking into account the provisions of the Agreement between Spain and Sweden ( CDI ), the taxation for tax residents in Spain on income from Swedish sources most commonly obtained would be:
Pensions:
Understood as remuneration that is based on a previously held job, they are treated differently depending on:
-
Pension received by reason of dependent work performed for the State, administrative subdivision or local entity (article 19.2 CDI) . Your treatment is:
-
In general, these pensions will only be taxed in Sweden.
The pension is included in the IRPF declaration and Spain will allow (article 24.2 CDI), as a deduction from Spanish income tax, that part of the Spanish tax that corresponds to the pension obtained in Sweden.
-
However, if the beneficiary of the pension resident in Spain had Spanish nationality, the aforementioned pensions would only be taxed in Spain.
-
-
Pension received due to a previous employment in the private sector (article 18 CDI). Your treatment is:
-
In general, these pensions would only be taxed in Spain.
-
However, payments made to persons of Swedish nationality under the Swedish Social Security Scheme, as well as payments derived from a pension based on life insurance taken out in Sweden, may be subject to taxation in both Spain and Sweden. In these cases (article 24.5 CDI) the measures to avoid double taxation will be adopted in Sweden, and no deduction for the tax paid in Sweden will be applicable in Spain.
-
Income from real estate (Article 6 CDI):
Income from real estate located in Sweden may be taxed in both Spain and Sweden. The resident taxpayer would be entitled to apply the deduction for international double taxation in the personal income tax in Spain.
Dividends (article 10 CDI):
Dividends from Swedish sources may be subject to taxation in Spain in accordance with its domestic legislation, if the Spanish resident is the effective recipient of the dividends. These dividends may also be taxed in Sweden, the country in which the company paying the dividends is resident, and in accordance with the laws of that State, but with a maximum limit of 15% of the gross amount of the dividends. The resident taxpayer would be entitled to apply the deduction for international double taxation in the personal income tax in Spain up to that limit.
Interests (Article 11 CDI):
Interest from Sweden may be subject to taxation in Spain in accordance with its domestic legislation, if the resident in Spain is the effective recipient of the interest. However, this interest may also be taxed in Sweden, but the tax levied in Sweden may not exceed 15 percent of the gross amount of the interest. In Spain, you would be entitled to apply the deduction for international double taxation in your personal income tax up to that limit.
Remuneration of members of boards of directors of companies resident in Sweden (Article 16 ICC):
They can be taxed in both Sweden and Spain. In Spain, the taxpayer would be entitled to apply the deduction for international double taxation in personal income tax.
Capital gains:
-
Derived from real estate (article 13.1 CDI) : Gains from the sale of real estate located in Sweden may be taxed in both Spain and Sweden. The taxpayer has the right to apply the deduction for international double taxation in the personal income tax in Spain.
-
Derived from movable property belonging to a permanent establishment or a fixed base (article 13.2 CDI): Gains from the alienation of movable property that belongs or has belonged to a permanent establishment or a fixed base that a resident of Spain has in Sweden for the performance of business activities or the provision of professional services, including gains derived from the alienation of the establishment or the fixed base, may be subject to taxation in both Sweden and Spain. The resident taxpayer would be entitled to apply the deduction for international double taxation in the personal income tax in Spain.
-
Derived from other class of goods ( article 13.4 CDI ): Gains derived from the alienation of any other type of property other than the real estate mentioned in the first point, as well as movable property that belongs or has belonged to a fixed base mentioned in the second point, are only taxed in Spain, provided that this is the State where the transferor resides. An example of this type would be the gain derived from the sale of shares in a Swedish company.
-
Derivatives of shares or interests in a company whose assets consist mainly of real estate ( article 13.5 CDI ): The gains derived from the alienation of these shares or participations may be subject to taxation in both Spain and Sweden, if the seller is of Swedish nationality, if being a Spanish national, he/she has been a resident of Sweden at any time during a period of five years immediately preceding the alienation and at the time of the alienation, alone or together with a closely related person, had a decisive influence on the company. In these cases (article 24.5 CDI) the measures to avoid double taxation will be adopted in Sweden, not in Spain.
In addition to those mentioned above, the Agreement lists other types of income (business profits, professional services, remuneration for salaried work, artists and athletes, public functions, other income, etc.), the treatment of which can be consulted in the text of the Agreement.
III.- Obligation to report assets abroad
Residents in Spain must inform the Spanish tax authorities about three different categories of assets and rights located abroad:
- accounts in financial institutions located abroad
- Securities, rights, insurance and income deposited, managed or obtained abroad
- Real estate and rights to real estate located abroad
This obligation must be fulfilled, using Form 720, between January 1 and March 31 of the year following the year to which the information to be supplied refers.
There will be no obligation to report on each of the categories of assets when the value of the set of assets corresponding to each category does not exceed 50,000 euros. Once the information declaration has been submitted for one or more of the categories of assets and rights, the submission of the declaration in subsequent years will be mandatory when the value has experienced an increase of more than 20,000 euros compared to that which determined the submission of the last declaration.
Telephone 91 554 87 70 / 901 33 55 33